1
00:00:37,960 --> 00:00:40,997
These are their
approximate locations.
2
00:00:41,080 --> 00:00:43,878
To each of them
Russia has probably allocated
3
00:00:43,960 --> 00:00:47,748
a certain number of her
intermediate-range nuclear missiles,
4
00:00:47,840 --> 00:00:49,159
which are at this moment
5
00:00:49,240 --> 00:00:53,677
pointing at military objectives
in Western Europe.
6
00:00:53,760 --> 00:00:55,637
And to each of these locations,
7
00:00:55,720 --> 00:00:57,676
being those 25 key cities
8
00:00:57,760 --> 00:01:02,276
in which reside almost one third
of the entire population of Britain,
9
00:01:02,360 --> 00:01:04,112
Russia has probably allocated
10
00:01:04,200 --> 00:01:08,751
a further unknown quantity
of thermo-nuclear missiles.
11
00:01:09,440 --> 00:01:12,637
Each of these cities
and each of these airfields
12
00:01:12,720 --> 00:01:14,756
combine to crowd into Britain
13
00:01:14,840 --> 00:01:18,628
more potential nuclear targets
per acre of land mass
14
00:01:18,720 --> 00:01:21,473
than in any other country
in the world.
15
00:01:24,280 --> 00:01:27,192
(Announcer) London,
Friday the 16th of September.
16
00:01:27,280 --> 00:01:30,033
It's just been confirmed
that late last night,
17
00:01:30,120 --> 00:01:32,156
to show collective Communist support
18
00:01:32,240 --> 00:01:34,754
for the Chinese invasion
of South Vietnam,
19
00:01:34,840 --> 00:01:36,717
the Russian and East German
authorities
20
00:01:36,800 --> 00:01:39,837
have sealed off all access
to the city of Berlin
21
00:01:39,920 --> 00:01:41,069
and have stated their intention
22
00:01:41,160 --> 00:01:45,233
of occupying the western half
of the city within 48 hours
23
00:01:45,320 --> 00:01:48,676
unless the Americans in Vietnam
withdraw yesterday's decision
24
00:01:48,760 --> 00:01:52,958
to use tactical nuclear weapons
against invading Chinese forces.
25
00:01:53,040 --> 00:01:54,393
Here in Britain,
26
00:01:54,480 --> 00:01:57,950
Her Majesty's Government has declared
a state of national emergency
27
00:01:58,040 --> 00:02:01,112
to last the duration
of the present crisis.
28
00:02:01,200 --> 00:02:05,830
As from 12 noon today, the central
government will cease to function
29
00:02:05,920 --> 00:02:07,672
and the administration of the country
30
00:02:07,760 --> 00:02:11,116
will be handled
by 15 regional commissioners.
31
00:02:11,200 --> 00:02:15,478
A network of emergency committees
consisting of local councillors
32
00:02:15,560 --> 00:02:20,111
is being set up in every major town
and county borough in the country.
33
00:02:20,200 --> 00:02:23,351
In view of the seriousness
of the international situation,
34
00:02:23,440 --> 00:02:25,078
Her Majesty's Government has decided
35
00:02:25,160 --> 00:02:27,833
that the first task
of these committees
36
00:02:27,920 --> 00:02:31,959
will be to implement the evacuation
of a certain proportion of civilians
37
00:02:32,040 --> 00:02:35,555
to safer areas in Wales,
the Lake District,
38
00:02:35,640 --> 00:02:37,756
parts of Northumberland,
the Midlands,
39
00:02:37,840 --> 00:02:39,796
southwest England, Dorset,
40
00:02:39,880 --> 00:02:42,030
East Sussex and Kent.
41
00:02:42,120 --> 00:02:45,954
In accordance with the 1962
Government plan for evacuation,
42
00:02:46,040 --> 00:02:47,473
this dispersal is to apply
43
00:02:47,560 --> 00:02:51,394
only to certain
specified classes of civilians.
44
00:02:51,480 --> 00:02:53,311
As from 0900 tomorrow,
45
00:02:53,400 --> 00:02:57,075
we are to receive a total quota
of 60,000 evacuees
46
00:02:57,160 --> 00:02:59,594
in five priority classes.
47
00:02:59,680 --> 00:03:03,468
Class one: Children under 15
travelling with mothers.
48
00:03:03,560 --> 00:03:06,711
Class two: Schoolchildren
under the age of 18.
49
00:03:06,800 --> 00:03:09,997
Class three: Adolescents
under the age of 18.
50
00:03:10,080 --> 00:03:12,310
Class four: Expectant mothers.
51
00:03:12,400 --> 00:03:16,393
Class five: People who are blind,
crippled, aged or infirm. We...
52
00:03:16,480 --> 00:03:19,711
- (Man) Are there any fathers?
- No. No fathers.
53
00:03:21,920 --> 00:03:25,629
This woman is arriving
from Bermondsey into Kent.
54
00:03:25,720 --> 00:03:28,678
She and the other women
on this evacuation bus
55
00:03:28,760 --> 00:03:33,880
have had to leave their husbands
and elder sons behind in London.
56
00:03:33,960 --> 00:03:36,713
According to the last published
government plan,
57
00:03:36,800 --> 00:03:40,315
there is no provision made for
granting the facilities of evacuation
58
00:03:40,400 --> 00:03:44,439
to able-bodied men
over the age of 18.
59
00:03:44,520 --> 00:03:47,432
It is, therefore,
even at this early point
60
00:03:47,520 --> 00:03:51,513
that an attempt at mass evacuation
might fail,
61
00:03:51,600 --> 00:03:53,716
because it's not known
how many women
62
00:03:53,800 --> 00:03:57,395
would refuse to leave
their husband and their home,;
63
00:03:57,480 --> 00:04:01,155
to journey with restricted
possessions to an unknown town,
64
00:04:01,240 --> 00:04:05,279
there to be compulsorily billeted
with an unknown family.
65
00:04:09,320 --> 00:04:12,517
Prepare yourself to receive...
Five rooms, that's ten evacuees,
66
00:04:12,600 --> 00:04:14,670
arriving from the London area
tomorrow morning.
67
00:04:14,760 --> 00:04:17,320
- What am I gonna feed them on?
- It's up to you, madam.
68
00:04:17,400 --> 00:04:18,355
Are they coloured?
69
00:04:18,440 --> 00:04:21,238
- (Knocking)
- More haste, less speed.
70
00:04:21,320 --> 00:04:25,552
Within a country where there is still
racial and social prejudice,
71
00:04:25,640 --> 00:04:29,394
where there is still a shortage
of housing and living space,
72
00:04:29,480 --> 00:04:32,552
a number of measures
would almost certainly be necessary
73
00:04:32,640 --> 00:04:37,350
in attempting the evacuation
of an estimated 10 million people.
74
00:04:37,440 --> 00:04:38,839
Er, right, eight evacuees...
75
00:04:38,920 --> 00:04:42,196
For this woman, the compulsory
sheltering and feeding
76
00:04:42,280 --> 00:04:44,430
of an extra eight people.
77
00:04:44,520 --> 00:04:46,192
Quickly. All in, quickly.
78
00:04:48,440 --> 00:04:50,908
For the family
who have fled this house,
79
00:04:51,000 --> 00:04:53,639
the immediate requisition
of their home.
80
00:04:55,880 --> 00:05:00,192
For this man, perhaps imprisonment
if he refuses to billet.
81
00:05:00,280 --> 00:05:02,748
- Eight evacuees for you.
- Eight? I'm not havin' eight.
82
00:05:02,840 --> 00:05:04,114
Sorry, sir, you've got to take eight.
83
00:05:04,200 --> 00:05:06,760
I don't mind two. I haven't got
enough food in there for eight.
84
00:05:06,840 --> 00:05:08,114
Don't argue. Don't argue.
85
00:05:08,200 --> 00:05:11,158
May I remind you that,
under the emergency regulations,
86
00:05:11,240 --> 00:05:14,596
with four rooms and a kitchen you can
be forced to take eight people.
87
00:05:14,680 --> 00:05:16,511
Bloody hell.
88
00:05:16,600 --> 00:05:18,238
Should Britain ever thus attempt
89
00:05:18,320 --> 00:05:22,552
the evacuation of nearly 20 per cent
of her entire population,
90
00:05:22,640 --> 00:05:26,599
such scenes as these
would be almost inevitable.
91
00:05:28,400 --> 00:05:31,631
(Loud-hailer) All citizens
resident within this area
92
00:05:31,720 --> 00:05:35,793
are requested to proceed immediately
to the municipal offices
93
00:05:35,880 --> 00:05:39,953
to collect emergency identification
papers and ration cards.
94
00:05:40,040 --> 00:05:40,995
Name?
95
00:05:41,080 --> 00:05:43,958
Sue Wilkinson, 159 Thornton Avenue.
96
00:05:44,040 --> 00:05:47,589
(Official) Er, widow...
children aged 19 and 21.
97
00:05:47,680 --> 00:05:49,238
Non-supplementary ration card.
98
00:05:49,320 --> 00:05:52,073
This entitles you to a basic ration
per week of two ounces of butter,
99
00:05:52,160 --> 00:05:53,718
a half a pound of margarine,
100
00:05:53,800 --> 00:05:55,597
two ounces of tea,
a quarter-pound of sugar,
101
00:05:55,680 --> 00:05:58,035
two eggs,
a half a pint of milk when available,
102
00:05:58,120 --> 00:06:00,156
a quarter-pound of meat,
two loaves of bread,
103
00:06:00,240 --> 00:06:04,358
a pound of potatoes when available
and two ounces of bacon.
104
00:06:04,440 --> 00:06:07,477
It has been estimated that,
even if there were no war,
105
00:06:07,560 --> 00:06:12,156
Britain would need from 1 ½ to 4 years
to recover economically
106
00:06:12,240 --> 00:06:15,915
from the effects of full-scale
civilian evacuation.
107
00:06:17,480 --> 00:06:19,675
And, if there were a war,
108
00:06:19,760 --> 00:06:24,595
at least 20 per cent of the areas
into which people had been evacuated
109
00:06:24,680 --> 00:06:27,831
would themselves be rendered
totally uninhabitable
110
00:06:27,920 --> 00:06:30,275
by the resulting radioactive fallout.
111
00:06:34,920 --> 00:06:40,278
Carbon-14 is among the most dangerous
elements of radioactive fallout.
112
00:06:40,360 --> 00:06:42,794
Do you know what it does
to the human body?
113
00:06:42,880 --> 00:06:45,599
Ooh... No, I'm sorry,
I haven't heard of it.
114
00:06:45,680 --> 00:06:49,275
Afraid I don't know much
about atomic... radiation at all.
115
00:06:49,360 --> 00:06:50,634
No, I don't.
116
00:06:50,720 --> 00:06:52,631
No, I'm sorry, I don't know.
117
00:07:03,400 --> 00:07:07,154
Do you know what strontium-90 is
and what it does?
118
00:07:08,240 --> 00:07:09,958
Erm...
119
00:07:10,040 --> 00:07:12,110
(Laughs weakly)
120
00:07:12,200 --> 00:07:13,872
No. No, I'm afraid I don't.
121
00:07:13,960 --> 00:07:15,234
No, I don't.
122
00:07:15,320 --> 00:07:17,880
I've... no idea really. I...
123
00:07:17,960 --> 00:07:22,192
I know it's some sort of... gunpowder
or something, that blows up.
124
00:07:24,760 --> 00:07:26,398
(Shouting)
125
00:07:26,480 --> 00:07:30,393
In Berlin,
with rioting West German civilians
126
00:07:30,480 --> 00:07:32,869
and armed East German police,
127
00:07:32,960 --> 00:07:34,871
there would probably be found
128
00:07:34,960 --> 00:07:37,235
the necessary flash point.
129
00:07:37,320 --> 00:07:39,276
(Shouting)
130
00:07:58,480 --> 00:08:00,789
Berlin?
131
00:08:00,880 --> 00:08:03,269
Nah, they've had all this before.
132
00:08:03,360 --> 00:08:05,316
I think it'll die down.
133
00:08:05,400 --> 00:08:06,753
(Shouting)
134
00:08:09,400 --> 00:08:10,879
(Gunshot)
135
00:08:10,960 --> 00:08:12,951
I don't think there's
anything to worry about.
136
00:08:16,520 --> 00:08:19,637
No, there won't be a war.
I'm quite convinced of that.
137
00:08:19,720 --> 00:08:21,995
September the 17 th.
138
00:08:22,080 --> 00:08:26,358
British Civil Defence deliver
to the public for the first time
139
00:08:26,440 --> 00:08:30,592
details of the hazards to be expected
from radioactive fallout.
140
00:08:30,680 --> 00:08:33,752
Good morning, madam. Please read this
booklet and follow the instructions.
141
00:08:33,840 --> 00:08:34,955
But, wh... what is it?
142
00:08:35,040 --> 00:08:37,918
It's a Civil Defence booklet: Your
Protection Against Nuclear Attack.
143
00:08:38,000 --> 00:08:40,992
- But I... I...
- Good morning, madam.
144
00:08:41,080 --> 00:08:42,877
(Man) Er, excuse me. Er...
145
00:08:42,960 --> 00:08:44,109
What are you doing here exactly?
146
00:08:44,200 --> 00:08:47,556
We're issuing to as many householders
as possible a copy of this booklet,
147
00:08:47,640 --> 00:08:50,359
which tells them how to prepare their
houses against blast and fallout.
148
00:08:50,440 --> 00:08:52,351
Have people not seen
this booklet before?
149
00:08:52,440 --> 00:08:56,069
Well, a copy was prepared some years
ago but... it didn't sell very well.
150
00:08:56,160 --> 00:08:59,391
- It wasn't... It wasn't free?
- Oh, no, no. It cost ninepence.
151
00:08:59,480 --> 00:09:01,311
(Siren)
152
00:09:01,400 --> 00:09:04,551
(Tannoy) This siren system
is now being tested.
153
00:09:04,640 --> 00:09:07,677
The test will cease
in a quarter of an hour.
154
00:09:07,760 --> 00:09:11,673
(Narrator) It's been estimated that,
by the time a missile attack
155
00:09:11,760 --> 00:09:15,435
could be confirmed to
the British National Siren System,
156
00:09:15,520 --> 00:09:19,035
there would remain before impact
a warning time
157
00:09:19,120 --> 00:09:22,954
of approximately 2½ to 3 minutes.
158
00:09:23,640 --> 00:09:27,155
And, should the attacking missiles
be launched from submarines
159
00:09:27,240 --> 00:09:29,993
lying off the shores of Britain,
160
00:09:30,080 --> 00:09:33,152
the warning time
could be less than 30 seconds.
161
00:09:33,240 --> 00:09:34,992
- (Siren)
- Move along, there.
162
00:09:35,080 --> 00:09:38,072
Civil Defence have said
that we've... got to get, er...
163
00:09:38,160 --> 00:09:39,957
stuff to...
164
00:09:40,040 --> 00:09:43,635
shore up our windows and, er,
barricade ourselves in with.
165
00:09:43,720 --> 00:09:45,597
They didn't tell us where to get it.
166
00:09:45,680 --> 00:09:49,514
I've been around three places already
and they've... all the stuff's gone.
167
00:09:49,600 --> 00:09:50,589
And the prices...
168
00:09:50,680 --> 00:09:53,035
My prices at the moment
run as follows:
169
00:09:53,120 --> 00:09:56,157
Hessian sacks for sandbags,
ten for one pound;
170
00:09:56,240 --> 00:09:59,277
sand to put in them,
24 shillings per cubic yard;
171
00:09:59,360 --> 00:10:02,670
soil, seven pounds ten
per five cubic yards;
172
00:10:02,760 --> 00:10:05,718
deal planks,
eightpence to a shilling per foot.
173
00:10:05,800 --> 00:10:10,430
How much money have you to...
spend on building your refuge?
174
00:10:10,520 --> 00:10:12,988
Well...
175
00:10:13,080 --> 00:10:18,108
Well, I can't afford more than...
17/6 to a pound at the very most.
176
00:10:18,200 --> 00:10:19,474
For this amount of money,
177
00:10:19,560 --> 00:10:23,394
she may purchase
eight sandbags and six planks.
178
00:10:23,480 --> 00:10:25,391
Friend of mine's
a building contractor
179
00:10:25,480 --> 00:10:28,199
and he's fixed me up with some stuff.
180
00:10:28,280 --> 00:10:31,750
I've got this out here,
which should help a bit.
181
00:10:31,840 --> 00:10:34,195
And inside I've...
182
00:10:34,280 --> 00:10:37,317
I've built a... refuge like they say.
183
00:10:37,400 --> 00:10:39,277
I reckon it should be pretty strong,
184
00:10:39,360 --> 00:10:41,396
hold up quite well.
185
00:10:41,480 --> 00:10:46,270
And I had a few sandbags left over
so... I built another in the garden.
186
00:10:46,360 --> 00:10:49,432
It is likely that many thousands
of families in Britain
187
00:10:49,520 --> 00:10:53,399
would be unable to meet the cost
of even one substantial shelter
188
00:10:53,480 --> 00:10:56,950
and a Government shelter programme
for every person in the country
189
00:10:57,040 --> 00:11:01,352
would cost an estimated
two thousand million pounds.
190
00:11:02,000 --> 00:11:04,639
And I keep this... here.
191
00:11:06,600 --> 00:11:08,750
And I certainly intend to use it
192
00:11:08,840 --> 00:11:11,308
if anyone attempts
to break into the shelter with me.
193
00:11:11,400 --> 00:11:16,713
A recent American religious journal
told its Christian readers
194
00:11:16,800 --> 00:11:20,395
to think twice before they rashly
gave their family shelter space
195
00:11:20,480 --> 00:11:22,914
to neighbours or passing strangers.
196
00:11:24,400 --> 00:11:26,436
(Announcer) September the 18th.
197
00:11:26,680 --> 00:11:30,195
One hour ago, following
an armed entry into West Berlin
198
00:11:30,280 --> 00:11:31,872
by Russian and East German troops,
199
00:11:31,960 --> 00:11:36,078
two NATO armoured divisions attempted
to force an entry through to the city
200
00:11:36,160 --> 00:11:40,233
and were themselves overrun
by outnumbering Communist forces.
201
00:11:40,320 --> 00:11:41,719
(Narrator) Faced with this situation,
202
00:11:41,800 --> 00:11:45,315
it is possible that the American
president would have no choice
203
00:11:45,400 --> 00:11:49,712
but to threaten to release tactical
nuclear warheads to NATO forces
204
00:11:49,800 --> 00:11:52,075
to show collective determination
205
00:11:52,160 --> 00:11:54,958
in the event of
a possible Russian attack.
206
00:11:55,040 --> 00:11:56,473
Faced with this situation,
207
00:11:56,560 --> 00:12:00,633
the Soviet premier would possibly
be left with no alternative
208
00:12:00,720 --> 00:12:03,234
but to call this bluff and attack.
209
00:12:04,320 --> 00:12:06,436
Local area commander
210
00:12:06,520 --> 00:12:09,717
has authorised the release
of tactical nuclear weapons
211
00:12:09,800 --> 00:12:12,678
to the British, French
and Bundeswehr.
212
00:12:12,760 --> 00:12:16,435
Fifteen crew up
for a fast sequence of firing.
213
00:12:16,840 --> 00:12:18,068
(Explosions)
214
00:12:18,160 --> 00:12:20,913
This is a tactical nuclear missile.
215
00:12:21,000 --> 00:12:24,834
It has a warhead
equivalent to one Hiroshima bomb.
216
00:12:24,920 --> 00:12:27,195
It is called an Honest John.
217
00:12:27,280 --> 00:12:29,714
The Honest John,
the Mace, the Corporal,
218
00:12:29,800 --> 00:12:31,358
the Pershing, the Sergeant,
219
00:12:31,440 --> 00:12:32,793
and if things don't get better soon
220
00:12:32,880 --> 00:12:36,156
all these weapons will be
slamming away nuclear warheads
221
00:12:36,240 --> 00:12:37,719
and then God help us all!
222
00:12:38,880 --> 00:12:43,635
It is now planned to increase
NATO reliability on nuclear missiles,
223
00:12:43,720 --> 00:12:47,395
even should the Russians attack
using ordinary weapons.
224
00:12:47,480 --> 00:12:50,995
Thus it is possible for the Allies
to be the first to press the button
225
00:12:51,080 --> 00:12:53,036
in a nuclear war.
226
00:12:58,360 --> 00:13:00,874
- Did you know this?
- No, I did not.
227
00:13:00,960 --> 00:13:02,518
I was vaguely aware of it, yes.
228
00:13:02,600 --> 00:13:04,795
Yes, and I think it's disgraceful.
229
00:13:04,880 --> 00:13:06,552
No, I didn't know this at all.
230
00:13:06,640 --> 00:13:08,232
No. I should think
it'd be a good thing.
231
00:13:25,680 --> 00:13:27,557
David Edward Thornley.
232
00:13:27,640 --> 00:13:29,631
Age.; 37.
233
00:13:29,720 --> 00:13:32,029
General practitioner in medicine,
234
00:13:32,120 --> 00:13:36,079
now on the staff of one of a series
of emergency medical-aid units
235
00:13:36,160 --> 00:13:39,709
being established
in preparation for a nuclear strike.
236
00:13:39,800 --> 00:13:42,314
Time.; 9.;11 a.m.
237
00:13:42,400 --> 00:13:44,675
September the 18th.
238
00:13:44,760 --> 00:13:48,150
Doctor Thornley stops
to make an emergency call.
239
00:13:48,240 --> 00:13:50,754
Berwick Street, Canterbury,
240
00:13:50,840 --> 00:13:54,913
twelve miles from the airfield
at Manston on the Kent coast.
241
00:14:02,120 --> 00:14:03,553
- Oh, good morning, Doctor.
- Morning!
242
00:14:03,640 --> 00:14:05,073
- Come in, please.
- What's the trouble today?
243
00:14:05,160 --> 00:14:06,991
She's been running
a temperature all night.
244
00:14:07,080 --> 00:14:11,278
Of the 750 intermediate-range
ballistic missiles
245
00:14:11,360 --> 00:14:13,237
at present held by the Russians
246
00:14:13,320 --> 00:14:16,949
and targeted on the European
countries of the NATO alliance,
247
00:14:17,040 --> 00:14:20,715
it is believed that a considerable
number are liquid-fuelled
248
00:14:20,800 --> 00:14:23,598
and are stored above ground.
249
00:14:23,680 --> 00:14:28,276
Such missiles are therefore
themselves extremely vulnerable
250
00:14:28,360 --> 00:14:32,478
and, rather than risk losing them
in a counter-bombardment,
251
00:14:32,560 --> 00:14:35,836
it is likely that the Russians
would have no alternative
252
00:14:35,920 --> 00:14:40,869
but to fire all of them at a very
early stage in such a crisis.
253
00:14:42,760 --> 00:14:45,069
Time.; 9.;13 a.m.
254
00:14:49,320 --> 00:14:51,276
(Siren)
255
00:14:53,440 --> 00:14:56,034
- Quick, let's get back!
- There's no time!
256
00:14:56,120 --> 00:14:59,556
Hurry up! Inside the house! Quickly!
257
00:14:59,640 --> 00:15:02,677
Move, come on, come on! Quick, quick!
258
00:15:02,760 --> 00:15:06,355
This family couldn't afford
to build themselves a refuge.
259
00:15:06,440 --> 00:15:10,956
This could be the way the last two
minutes of peace in Britain look.
260
00:15:11,040 --> 00:15:14,271
Stay away from the windows!
Get all the children!
261
00:15:15,280 --> 00:15:17,430
Peter! Tony! Tony!
262
00:15:18,240 --> 00:15:21,550
Where is he?
Where is he? Think! Where is he?
263
00:15:21,640 --> 00:15:23,437
Nurse!
264
00:15:23,520 --> 00:15:26,080
There's a boy outside.
Go and fetch him.
265
00:15:26,160 --> 00:15:28,037
9.;16 a.m.
266
00:15:28,120 --> 00:15:32,033
A single-megaton nuclear missile
overshoots Manston airfield in Kent
267
00:15:32,120 --> 00:15:35,271
and airbursts
six miles from this position.
268
00:15:39,480 --> 00:15:41,357
(Screams)
269
00:15:41,440 --> 00:15:42,714
At this distance,
270
00:15:42,800 --> 00:15:47,032
the heatwave is sufficient to cause
melting of the upturned eyeball,
271
00:15:47,120 --> 00:15:50,078
third-degree burning of the skin
and ignition of furniture.
272
00:15:50,160 --> 00:15:51,513
(Screaming)
273
00:15:52,760 --> 00:15:54,113
(Shouting)
274
00:15:56,520 --> 00:15:58,192
Twelve seconds later,
275
00:15:58,280 --> 00:16:00,236
the shock front arrives.
276
00:16:00,960 --> 00:16:02,313
(Rumbling)
277
00:16:22,680 --> 00:16:24,033
(Screaming)
278
00:16:25,600 --> 00:16:29,149
At seven tenths of a millisecond
after the explosion,
279
00:16:29,240 --> 00:16:31,595
and at a distance of 60 miles,
280
00:16:31,680 --> 00:16:35,878
the light from the fireball of a
single-megaton thermo-nuclear device
281
00:16:35,960 --> 00:16:39,669
is 30 times brighter
than the midday sun.
282
00:16:39,760 --> 00:16:43,116
This little boy has received
severe retinal burns
283
00:16:43,200 --> 00:16:46,078
from an explosion 27 miles away.
284
00:16:46,160 --> 00:16:47,309
Give him to me!
285
00:16:47,400 --> 00:16:50,153
- (Siren continues)
- What's the matter? Oh...
286
00:16:50,240 --> 00:16:52,515
(Shouting)
287
00:16:52,600 --> 00:16:56,832
This house lies 29 miles
from Manston airfield
288
00:16:56,920 --> 00:17:00,799
and 41 miles
from Gatwick Airport in Sussex.
289
00:17:02,840 --> 00:17:04,193
(Wails)
290
00:17:06,920 --> 00:17:08,035
Under the table.
291
00:17:08,120 --> 00:17:10,839
Under the table!
292
00:17:12,680 --> 00:17:15,911
The blast wave
from a thermo-nuclear explosion
293
00:17:16,000 --> 00:17:20,471
has been likened to an enormous door
slamming in the depths of hell.
294
00:17:20,560 --> 00:17:21,913
(Rumbling)
295
00:17:26,920 --> 00:17:30,151
- (Baby wails)
- (Boy cries)
296
00:17:36,320 --> 00:17:37,673
Shhh.
297
00:17:43,360 --> 00:17:44,475
(Rumbling)
298
00:17:44,560 --> 00:17:46,357
(Glass shatters)
299
00:17:57,840 --> 00:18:00,513
This is the combined shock front
300
00:18:00,600 --> 00:18:04,275
from one dispersal airfield
40 miles away.
301
00:18:07,600 --> 00:18:09,556
(Cup shatters)
302
00:18:10,320 --> 00:18:14,711
There are in Britain
at least 60 such targets.
303
00:18:15,880 --> 00:18:17,233
(Crashing)
304
00:18:19,800 --> 00:18:21,756
Rochester in Kent.;
305
00:18:21,840 --> 00:18:24,274
now two square miles of fire,
306
00:18:24,360 --> 00:18:26,590
resulting from the heat
of a thermo-nuclear missile,
307
00:18:26,680 --> 00:18:31,037
which has exploded off-course
on its path to London Airport.
308
00:18:31,120 --> 00:18:33,395
- (Screaming)
- Over there!
309
00:18:33,480 --> 00:18:37,029
This is the phenomenon which could
perhaps happen in Britain
310
00:18:37,120 --> 00:18:39,918
following a nuclear strike
against certain of our cities.
311
00:18:40,840 --> 00:18:43,400
This happened
after the bombing of Hamburg,
312
00:18:43,480 --> 00:18:46,916
at Dresden, at Tokyo
and at Hiroshima.
313
00:18:47,000 --> 00:18:51,391
This is what is technically known
as a firestorm.
314
00:18:53,560 --> 00:18:54,788
(Shouting)
315
00:18:55,480 --> 00:18:57,835
(Woman screams)
316
00:18:59,920 --> 00:19:02,832
(Glass shatters)
317
00:19:02,920 --> 00:19:06,037
Within its centre, the rising heat
from multiple fires,
318
00:19:06,120 --> 00:19:08,236
caused by both the heat flash
319
00:19:08,320 --> 00:19:11,596
and the blast wave
upsetting stoves and open furnaces,
320
00:19:11,680 --> 00:19:13,716
is sucking in ground-level winds
321
00:19:13,800 --> 00:19:18,555
at speeds exceeding
100 miles an hour.
322
00:19:18,640 --> 00:19:21,029
This is the wind of a firestorm.
323
00:19:35,920 --> 00:19:37,273
(Screaming)
324
00:19:38,360 --> 00:19:39,839
I saw...
325
00:19:39,920 --> 00:19:41,751
a man...
326
00:19:41,840 --> 00:19:43,512
get caught...
327
00:19:43,600 --> 00:19:45,556
by a great gust of wind!
328
00:19:46,680 --> 00:19:49,672
Pulled his jacket...
right over his head!
329
00:19:49,760 --> 00:19:51,159
(Screaming)
330
00:20:17,440 --> 00:20:22,150
I believe that we live in a system
of necessary law and order.
331
00:20:24,760 --> 00:20:29,356
And I still believe
in the war of the just.
332
00:20:31,720 --> 00:20:34,757
Within this car,
a family is burning alive.
333
00:20:36,120 --> 00:20:38,111
(Shouting)
334
00:20:38,200 --> 00:20:40,111
(Explosion)
335
00:20:40,200 --> 00:20:42,873
- (Screaming)
- Get them out of that car!
336
00:20:42,960 --> 00:20:45,997
Charles Brooks,
chief fire officer of Chatham.
337
00:20:46,080 --> 00:20:48,674
Already three of his appliances
have been smashed,
338
00:20:48,760 --> 00:20:50,796
gutted or overturned.
339
00:20:50,880 --> 00:20:56,193
Already 17 of his 60 firemen have
been crushed, burnt or killed
340
00:20:56,280 --> 00:20:57,918
by flying debris.
341
00:20:58,000 --> 00:21:00,434
(Shouting)
342
00:21:00,520 --> 00:21:02,590
(Explosion)
343
00:21:02,680 --> 00:21:05,148
This is a firestorm.
344
00:21:05,240 --> 00:21:06,195
Within its centre,
345
00:21:06,280 --> 00:21:10,876
the oxygen is being consumed in every
cellar and every ground-floor room,
346
00:21:10,960 --> 00:21:15,750
to be replaced by the gases of carbon
monoxide, carbon dioxide and methane.
347
00:21:16,440 --> 00:21:21,753
Within its centre, the temperature
is rising to 800 degrees centigrade.
348
00:21:21,840 --> 00:21:24,354
These men are dying,
349
00:21:24,440 --> 00:21:27,034
both of heatstroke and of gassing.
350
00:21:33,400 --> 00:21:37,279
In the next world war,
I believe that both sides could stop
351
00:21:37,360 --> 00:21:39,476
before the ultimate destruction
of cities
352
00:21:39,560 --> 00:21:41,357
so that both sides could retire
353
00:21:41,440 --> 00:21:45,433
for a period of ten years or so
of post-attack recuperation,
354
00:21:45,520 --> 00:21:48,910
in which world wars four to eight
could be prepared.
355
00:21:52,720 --> 00:21:56,349
When the carbon-dioxide content
of inhaled air
356
00:21:56,440 --> 00:21:58,749
is greater than 30 per cent,
357
00:21:58,840 --> 00:22:02,799
it will cause diminished respiration,
358
00:22:02,880 --> 00:22:05,110
fall of blood pressure,
359
00:22:05,200 --> 00:22:06,633
coma,
360
00:22:06,720 --> 00:22:09,359
loss of reflexes
361
00:22:09,440 --> 00:22:11,351
and anaesthesia.
362
00:22:12,440 --> 00:22:20,233
When the carbon-monoxide content
of inhaled air exceeds 1.28 per cent,
363
00:22:20,320 --> 00:22:23,073
it will be followed by death
364
00:22:23,160 --> 00:22:25,993
within three minutes.
365
00:22:26,080 --> 00:22:28,435
This is nuclear war.
366
00:22:59,880 --> 00:23:01,791
10.;47.
367
00:23:01,880 --> 00:23:06,351
Aircraft of the British V-bomber
force near the Russian border.
368
00:23:06,440 --> 00:23:09,193
Their purpose.; retaliation.
369
00:23:09,280 --> 00:23:12,955
Their target.; people like this.
370
00:23:14,440 --> 00:23:19,195
If the Russians or anyone else
attacked Britain with nuclear weapons
371
00:23:19,280 --> 00:23:20,679
would you want us to retaliate
372
00:23:20,760 --> 00:23:24,309
by destroying an equal number
of Russian cities?
373
00:23:24,400 --> 00:23:26,516
Yes. Yes, I would. Yes.
374
00:23:26,600 --> 00:23:30,309
It's just a vicious circle. But I
suppose we should have to retaliate.
375
00:23:30,400 --> 00:23:34,916
People think the British are always
sort of... forgiving and forgetting
376
00:23:35,000 --> 00:23:37,195
and... I think
we'd have to retaliate.
377
00:23:37,280 --> 00:23:38,633
(Groans)
378
00:23:46,000 --> 00:23:47,353
(Whimpers)
379
00:23:53,160 --> 00:23:57,870
I wouldn't want... want us
to stand back and do nothing about it
380
00:23:57,960 --> 00:23:59,313
but...
381
00:24:02,000 --> 00:24:04,992
Yes, I... I think perhaps, er...
perhaps I would.
382
00:24:05,080 --> 00:24:07,036
Oh, yes, I think so, definitely.
383
00:24:07,120 --> 00:24:08,838
Yes, I suppose I would.
384
00:24:19,200 --> 00:24:21,873
Technically and intellectually,
385
00:24:21,960 --> 00:24:25,111
we are living in an atomic age.
386
00:24:25,200 --> 00:24:29,876
Emotionally, we are still living
in the Stone Age.
387
00:24:29,960 --> 00:24:35,353
The Aztecs on their feast days would
sacrifice 20,000 men to their gods
388
00:24:35,440 --> 00:24:39,592
in the belief that this would keep
the universe on its proper course.
389
00:24:39,680 --> 00:24:42,240
We feel superior to them.
390
00:24:45,400 --> 00:24:49,029
These are the inhabitants
of what was once
391
00:24:49,120 --> 00:24:53,113
a housing estate
near Rochester in Kent.
392
00:24:53,200 --> 00:24:56,749
Following the explosion
of three single-megaton missiles
393
00:24:56,840 --> 00:24:59,354
within this one county boundary,
394
00:24:59,440 --> 00:25:02,716
it's been estimated
that each surviving doctor
395
00:25:02,800 --> 00:25:07,510
would be faced by
at least 350 casualties,
396
00:25:07,600 --> 00:25:11,912
many suffering from severe
second- and third-degree burns.
397
00:25:12,920 --> 00:25:15,275
I had a little boy with me.
398
00:25:16,680 --> 00:25:19,035
He had his legs burned off.
399
00:25:20,040 --> 00:25:21,393
(Coughing)
400
00:25:22,720 --> 00:25:25,029
- (Moaning)
- (Crying)
401
00:25:26,440 --> 00:25:27,873
Some...
402
00:25:29,840 --> 00:25:31,592
Some of the...
403
00:25:32,480 --> 00:25:35,916
Some of these people
are just falling apart.
404
00:25:36,720 --> 00:25:40,793
As far as is known, it is at present
planned by the Civil Defence
405
00:25:40,880 --> 00:25:44,429
that each doctor, working
in a forward medical-aid unit,
406
00:25:44,520 --> 00:25:49,389
place every casualty into one
of three carefully defined categories
407
00:25:49,480 --> 00:25:55,032
to determine whether or not that
casualty is worth hospital treatment.
408
00:25:55,120 --> 00:25:57,395
It's the third category
that are worst.
409
00:25:57,480 --> 00:25:59,550
For these...
410
00:25:59,640 --> 00:26:02,552
...it's just hopeless.
- (Coughing)
411
00:26:02,640 --> 00:26:05,200
So we put them into
what we call the holding section.
412
00:26:05,280 --> 00:26:09,558
(Doctor) These are people with...
50 per cent or more body burns.
413
00:26:10,120 --> 00:26:14,432
(Narrator) He knows that each patient
he places in the holding section
414
00:26:14,520 --> 00:26:17,956
will be left to die in pain
without drugs.
415
00:26:19,680 --> 00:26:22,831
I know what'll be happening
in a few days.
416
00:26:25,120 --> 00:26:27,076
They'll be...
417
00:26:27,560 --> 00:26:29,915
They'll be asking me to kill them.
418
00:26:30,880 --> 00:26:35,431
(Narrator) What you are seeing now is
another possible part of nuclear war.
419
00:26:35,520 --> 00:26:39,115
An armed police squad
helping the overburdened doctors
420
00:26:39,200 --> 00:26:42,988
to relieve the misery
of those in category three.
421
00:26:43,080 --> 00:26:44,433
(Groaning)
422
00:26:45,040 --> 00:26:46,393
(Gunshot)
423
00:26:56,280 --> 00:26:57,633
(Sobbing)
424
00:26:58,480 --> 00:27:00,072
(Gunshot)
425
00:27:00,160 --> 00:27:05,757
If I decide to hit,
and perhaps kill, another man myself,
426
00:27:05,840 --> 00:27:10,311
then I must be prepared to accept
the moral responsibility.
427
00:27:11,120 --> 00:27:14,351
If I give the Government
the right or the means
428
00:27:14,440 --> 00:27:16,396
on my behalf
429
00:27:16,480 --> 00:27:19,790
to kill people of another country,
430
00:27:19,880 --> 00:27:22,235
then the situation is no different.
431
00:27:22,320 --> 00:27:26,791
(Cleric) I must again myself accept
the moral responsibility.
432
00:27:28,440 --> 00:27:31,318
(Narrator) It's been estimated
that a nuclear attack on Britain,
433
00:27:31,400 --> 00:27:35,359
using approximately 160
single-megaton missiles,
434
00:27:35,440 --> 00:27:37,749
would immediately kill
or seriously wound
435
00:27:37,840 --> 00:27:42,072
between one third and one half
of her entire population.
436
00:27:42,160 --> 00:27:44,799
It would destroy
from 50 to 80 per cent
437
00:27:44,880 --> 00:27:48,236
of all her main food production
and storage facilities
438
00:27:48,320 --> 00:27:52,996
and from 50 to 80 per cent of
the power plants needed to run them.
439
00:27:53,080 --> 00:27:56,277
Such an attack,
using weapons of one megaton,
440
00:27:56,360 --> 00:27:58,032
could be described as minimal
441
00:27:58,120 --> 00:28:00,111
because it's now more than possible
442
00:28:00,200 --> 00:28:03,192
that missile warheads
or free-falling bombs
443
00:28:03,280 --> 00:28:07,831
of between five to ten times
that power would be used instead.
444
00:28:12,320 --> 00:28:17,678
I think extra numbers would have made
no difference at all to all this.
445
00:28:18,880 --> 00:28:22,793
15 or 20 times the number
of Civil Defence
446
00:28:22,880 --> 00:28:26,316
wouldn't have stopped the initial
attack from killing or maiming
447
00:28:26,400 --> 00:28:28,675
exactly the same number of people.
448
00:28:28,760 --> 00:28:31,115
It was the title they had all wrong.
449
00:28:31,200 --> 00:28:32,553
Call this defence?
450
00:28:32,640 --> 00:28:34,710
(Whimpers)
451
00:28:34,800 --> 00:28:39,669
These will be the other casualties
of a nuclear war.
452
00:28:39,760 --> 00:28:41,557
Physically unmarked,
453
00:28:41,640 --> 00:28:44,234
there will almost inevitably be
thousands of people
454
00:28:44,320 --> 00:28:48,711
suffering from many complex states
of fear and shock,
455
00:28:48,800 --> 00:28:51,109
due to the things they've seen
456
00:28:51,200 --> 00:28:54,636
and the things that have
happened to them.
457
00:28:54,720 --> 00:28:56,631
Many of these people
458
00:28:56,720 --> 00:29:01,077
will probably lapse into
a state of permanent neurosis
459
00:29:01,160 --> 00:29:03,754
because they will totally outnumber
460
00:29:03,840 --> 00:29:07,799
the psychiatric services
needed to cure them.
461
00:29:07,880 --> 00:29:12,908
This, too, will be the legacy
of thermo-nuclear war.
462
00:29:13,000 --> 00:29:14,353
(Grunts)
463
00:29:14,440 --> 00:29:16,192
(Spoon rattles)
464
00:29:16,280 --> 00:29:18,271
- (Wailing)
- (Sobs)
465
00:29:18,360 --> 00:29:22,319
I've already had... a dozen or so
of my men go under.
466
00:29:23,360 --> 00:29:25,749
Just... with the strain.
467
00:29:26,880 --> 00:29:28,359
Overwork.
468
00:29:29,440 --> 00:29:33,274
People tend to forget that...
a policeman...
469
00:29:33,360 --> 00:29:35,874
a Civil Defence worker...
470
00:29:35,960 --> 00:29:38,315
anybody... like this...
471
00:29:39,480 --> 00:29:41,869
is just a... normal human being,
472
00:29:41,960 --> 00:29:47,193
with... normal human reactions
and... emotions.
473
00:29:49,240 --> 00:29:53,279
This policeman has spent
the entire rescue period
474
00:29:53,360 --> 00:29:55,715
searching for his missing family.
475
00:30:02,040 --> 00:30:04,508
No-one's allowed in here.
476
00:30:04,880 --> 00:30:07,030
Go on. Clear off.
477
00:30:08,520 --> 00:30:10,988
Even in the lightly hit
county of Kent,
478
00:30:11,080 --> 00:30:12,638
there would be immediately
479
00:30:12,720 --> 00:30:16,349
an estimated 50,000 corpses
to dispose of.
480
00:30:17,800 --> 00:30:21,076
Will you tell us what... Will you
tell us what's going on in there?
481
00:30:21,160 --> 00:30:22,912
They're not allowing
any photographers in there.
482
00:30:23,000 --> 00:30:25,560
Yes, yes, I know,
but, er, just a minute...
483
00:30:25,640 --> 00:30:29,235
Er, will you tell us what
they're doing in there, please?
484
00:30:29,320 --> 00:30:32,153
They're simply burning the bodies.
485
00:30:32,240 --> 00:30:35,835
The buildings are full of them.
There's just too many to bury.
486
00:30:38,440 --> 00:30:40,795
The buildings are...
487
00:30:40,880 --> 00:30:45,829
The buildings are full so all we can
do is put 'em on raised steel girders
488
00:30:45,920 --> 00:30:48,229
and put a fire underneath.
489
00:30:48,320 --> 00:30:50,276
It's just like making a grill.
490
00:30:54,240 --> 00:30:55,832
Two days after the attack,
491
00:30:55,920 --> 00:30:59,754
the military authorities, to stop
the possible spreading of disease,
492
00:30:59,840 --> 00:31:04,675
seal off two square miles of the
damaged area that had been Rochester
493
00:31:04,760 --> 00:31:05,875
and arm the surviving police,
494
00:31:05,960 --> 00:31:09,430
determined to prevent
by force if necessary
495
00:31:09,520 --> 00:31:13,513
relatives of the dead removing bodies
before the process of burning.
496
00:31:15,640 --> 00:31:18,677
We were doing the, er, job,
497
00:31:18,760 --> 00:31:21,069
burning the... bodies,
498
00:31:21,160 --> 00:31:25,278
when two of the soldiers said
they weren't gonna do it any more.
499
00:31:25,360 --> 00:31:28,716
(Sighs) One of their officers came up
and told them to get on with it
500
00:31:28,800 --> 00:31:31,109
and they said no again
501
00:31:31,200 --> 00:31:33,270
so he shot them both on the spot.
502
00:31:34,640 --> 00:31:37,074
Everything that you are now seeing
503
00:31:37,160 --> 00:31:41,711
happened in Germany after
the heavy bombing in the last war.
504
00:31:41,800 --> 00:31:44,917
It would almost certainly
have to happen in Britain
505
00:31:45,000 --> 00:31:47,560
after a nuclear war.
506
00:31:47,680 --> 00:31:52,674
Another thing the Germans did
after the bombing on Dresden
507
00:31:52,760 --> 00:31:57,880
was they... took the wedding rings
from the bodies.
508
00:31:59,280 --> 00:32:04,877
They were trying to identify them
from the inscription inside the ring.
509
00:32:04,960 --> 00:32:07,838
Er, we also are doing this.
510
00:32:09,240 --> 00:32:12,869
We are keeping the rings
in this bucket here.
511
00:32:16,600 --> 00:32:20,991
This is a possible part
of nuclear war.
512
00:32:24,240 --> 00:32:26,356
For the following 48 hours,
513
00:32:26,440 --> 00:32:30,513
an estimated one third of
the entire land surface of Britain
514
00:32:30,600 --> 00:32:33,194
would be covered
by a total dose of radiation
515
00:32:33,280 --> 00:32:37,990
exceeding ten times the amount needed
to kill a man in the open.
516
00:32:39,080 --> 00:32:40,832
For many of those within this area
517
00:32:40,920 --> 00:32:44,754
who had remained even inside
the shelter of their homes,
518
00:32:44,840 --> 00:32:48,230
there would be death
within five weeks.
519
00:32:48,320 --> 00:32:52,836
I... I know a thing or two about...
leu... leukaemia and... and suchlike.
520
00:32:55,040 --> 00:32:59,670
I deliberately haven't spoken to my
wife about this in the last few days.
521
00:32:59,760 --> 00:33:01,830
But, you know, I'm...
522
00:33:01,920 --> 00:33:04,275
I... I'm so scared.
523
00:33:04,800 --> 00:33:09,191
I... I just want my kids
to... to grow up, that's all.
524
00:33:10,960 --> 00:33:13,872
I don't know what's gonna be
left of anything, or...
525
00:33:13,960 --> 00:33:16,599
I... I can't change that now.
526
00:33:17,760 --> 00:33:22,390
It's... Well, I...
I suppose I'm just being... selfish.
527
00:33:23,840 --> 00:33:26,070
I just want my kids to be straight
528
00:33:26,160 --> 00:33:29,436
and... and not to have this... poison
working in their bones.
529
00:33:37,280 --> 00:33:38,633
(Coughing)
530
00:33:44,240 --> 00:33:48,950
The main effect of exposure
to severe radiation
531
00:33:49,040 --> 00:33:55,639
is to stop the renewal of the, er,
cellular lining of your intestine,
532
00:33:55,720 --> 00:33:59,793
with the result that your body fluids
flow straight out
533
00:33:59,880 --> 00:34:03,270
from the raw inside of your intestine
534
00:34:03,360 --> 00:34:06,636
and you literally... dry out.
535
00:34:57,040 --> 00:34:58,473
This is the menu of a meal
536
00:34:58,560 --> 00:35:01,711
prepared by the welfare section
of the Civil Defence Corps
537
00:35:01,800 --> 00:35:07,079
during an exercise supposed to take
place after a thermo-nuclear attack.
538
00:35:07,160 --> 00:35:09,628
"Braised steak, carrots, sprouts,
539
00:35:09,720 --> 00:35:11,472
roast and mashed potatoes,
540
00:35:11,560 --> 00:35:15,030
steamed pudding,
apple pie and custard."
541
00:35:20,520 --> 00:35:22,670
After a nuclear attack
on the United States,
542
00:35:22,760 --> 00:35:25,558
would Americans live
as they're accustomed to,
543
00:35:25,640 --> 00:35:29,952
with automobiles, ranch houses,
television, freezers and so on?
544
00:35:30,040 --> 00:35:31,871
(Chuckles) No-one can say.
545
00:35:31,960 --> 00:35:37,114
We've got a bathful of water that
hasn't been changed for five days.
546
00:35:37,200 --> 00:35:39,794
It's all the water we've got.
547
00:35:39,880 --> 00:35:42,235
We have to drink from it
548
00:35:42,320 --> 00:35:44,629
and have to cook with it
549
00:35:44,720 --> 00:35:46,233
and wash with it.
550
00:35:47,480 --> 00:35:50,438
At Hiroshima and Nagasaki,
551
00:35:50,520 --> 00:35:52,317
the population three months later
552
00:35:52,400 --> 00:35:57,349
was found to be apathetic
and profoundly lethargic,
553
00:35:57,440 --> 00:35:59,476
people living often
in their own filth,
554
00:35:59,560 --> 00:36:02,074
in total dejection and inertia.
555
00:36:14,400 --> 00:36:18,279
This baby boy has been
bitten on the arm by a rat.
556
00:36:18,360 --> 00:36:21,193
There are now no medicines available
557
00:36:21,280 --> 00:36:24,989
to prevent the disease
which may well follow.
558
00:36:25,800 --> 00:36:29,236
I was carrying
a loaf of bread home today
559
00:36:29,320 --> 00:36:30,548
from my mother,
560
00:36:30,640 --> 00:36:33,473
who'd given it to me,
561
00:36:33,560 --> 00:36:37,155
when a guy comes up
and offers me a pound for it.
562
00:36:39,120 --> 00:36:41,236
Well, what could I say?
563
00:36:42,240 --> 00:36:44,196
You can't eat a pound note.
564
00:36:44,280 --> 00:36:45,633
(Shouting)
565
00:36:48,640 --> 00:36:51,837
In the face of growing hunger riots,
it is very possible
566
00:36:51,920 --> 00:36:56,835
that dwindling supplies of food would
finally be kept as a form of bonus,
567
00:36:56,920 --> 00:37:01,391
for those who perform the precarious
maintenance of law and order.
568
00:37:01,480 --> 00:37:03,038
The result of such partial feeding
569
00:37:03,120 --> 00:37:05,475
would in itself be almost inevitable.
570
00:37:11,520 --> 00:37:12,873
Get off me!
571
00:37:14,560 --> 00:37:19,395
On this day, the first food rioter
is killed by the police in Kent.
572
00:37:22,920 --> 00:37:25,434
(Speech drowned out by shouting)
573
00:37:25,520 --> 00:37:27,909
Tell them to go back.
574
00:37:28,000 --> 00:37:29,274
One in the air.
575
00:37:29,360 --> 00:37:30,713
(Gunshots)
576
00:37:32,400 --> 00:37:33,753
(Horn)
577
00:37:33,840 --> 00:37:35,159
Two days later,
578
00:37:35,240 --> 00:37:37,071
as a direct result of this incident,
579
00:37:37,160 --> 00:37:40,948
a police ammunition truck
and its contents are seized
580
00:37:41,040 --> 00:37:43,634
and its volunteer drivers murdered.
581
00:37:43,720 --> 00:37:45,676
(Shouting)
582
00:37:47,000 --> 00:37:49,150
(Man) String him up!
583
00:37:52,720 --> 00:37:54,517
Get 'im!
584
00:38:06,400 --> 00:38:09,551
In Germany during the last war,
it was noticed that,
585
00:38:09,640 --> 00:38:12,996
with people who'd suffered
personal loss or deprivation,
586
00:38:13,080 --> 00:38:16,356
even amongst the so-called
decent middle class,
587
00:38:16,440 --> 00:38:20,513
there was a tendency to develop
indifference towards the law
588
00:38:20,600 --> 00:38:23,558
and to indulge in looting,
black market and petty theft.
589
00:38:25,320 --> 00:38:28,630
This is a Government
Food Control Centre,
590
00:38:28,720 --> 00:38:33,111
seized and pilfered
by armed anti-authority elements.
591
00:38:33,200 --> 00:38:36,909
This is Mrs Joyce Fisher
from Gravesend.
592
00:38:37,000 --> 00:38:38,831
She was a housewife.
593
00:38:38,920 --> 00:38:40,797
Three yards from her,
594
00:38:40,880 --> 00:38:43,235
the bodies of the military guard.
595
00:38:46,600 --> 00:38:50,957
When morale falls,
ideals fall and may go
596
00:38:51,040 --> 00:38:55,079
and behaviour becomes more primitive,
more a thing of instinct.
597
00:38:56,160 --> 00:39:00,631
Three days later, the first policemen
in Kent are killed.
598
00:39:00,720 --> 00:39:02,073
(Gunshots)
599
00:39:08,760 --> 00:39:11,069
Within the next 15 years,
600
00:39:11,160 --> 00:39:16,553
possibly another 12 countries will
have acquired thermo-nuclear weapons.
601
00:39:16,640 --> 00:39:17,959
For this reason,
602
00:39:18,040 --> 00:39:22,795
if not through accident
or the impulses of man himself...
603
00:39:22,880 --> 00:39:25,394
- Hold it.
...it is now more than possible
604
00:39:25,480 --> 00:39:28,233
that what you have seen happen
in this film
605
00:39:28,320 --> 00:39:32,677
will have taken place
before the year 1980.
606
00:39:33,640 --> 00:39:35,312
On the authority
of the regional commissioner,
607
00:39:35,400 --> 00:39:38,676
under article 17,
dealing with civil disturbances
608
00:39:38,760 --> 00:39:42,673
and the prevention of Crown-appointed
officers from carrying out duties,
609
00:39:42,760 --> 00:39:45,752
John Edward Jarrett
and William Michael Eades
610
00:39:45,840 --> 00:39:48,479
are hereby sentenced to death
by firing squad.
611
00:39:49,480 --> 00:39:51,596
May God have mercy on their souls.
612
00:39:51,680 --> 00:39:53,511
Kneel,
613
00:39:53,600 --> 00:39:56,592
and we will say
the Lord's Prayer together.
614
00:40:01,400 --> 00:40:04,278
Our Father which art in heaven,
615
00:40:04,360 --> 00:40:06,669
Hallowed be thy name.
616
00:40:06,760 --> 00:40:08,352
Thy kingdom come.
617
00:40:08,440 --> 00:40:10,476
- (Rifles click)
- Thy will be done on earth,
618
00:40:10,560 --> 00:40:12,676
as it is in heaven.
619
00:40:12,760 --> 00:40:15,991
Give us this day our daily bread.
620
00:40:16,080 --> 00:40:18,469
And forgive us our trespasses,
621
00:40:18,560 --> 00:40:21,711
as we forgive them
that trespass against us.
622
00:40:22,800 --> 00:40:24,870
And lead us not into temptation,
623
00:40:24,960 --> 00:40:26,916
but deliver us from evil.
624
00:40:28,000 --> 00:40:29,353
Amen.
625
00:40:35,160 --> 00:40:39,278
Father, have mercy on their souls,
626
00:40:39,360 --> 00:40:41,794
for they know not what they do.
627
00:40:42,360 --> 00:40:43,952
Take aim.
628
00:40:45,680 --> 00:40:47,398
Fire.
629
00:40:52,600 --> 00:40:58,311
For those who haven't had access
to orange juice, fresh vegetables,
630
00:40:58,400 --> 00:41:02,393
vitamin C in general,
and that'll be most people,
631
00:41:02,480 --> 00:41:07,793
haemorrhages around the gums will
set in at about the four-month stage
632
00:41:07,880 --> 00:41:11,111
and then you're into
the initial stages of scurvy,
633
00:41:11,200 --> 00:41:13,270
with swelling of the ankles
634
00:41:13,360 --> 00:41:16,113
and bleeding into
the joints of your body.
635
00:41:16,200 --> 00:41:21,115
Stille Nacht
636
00:41:21,200 --> 00:41:25,113
Heilige Nacht/
637
00:41:25,200 --> 00:41:27,509
December the 25th.
638
00:41:27,600 --> 00:41:30,910
A refugee compound in Dover, Kent,
639
00:41:31,000 --> 00:41:33,878
four months after the attack.
640
00:41:35,720 --> 00:41:44,037
Lieb' aus deinem göttlichen Mund
641
00:41:45,000 --> 00:41:48,470
Due to radiation,
this little boy has only half
642
00:41:48,560 --> 00:41:51,632
the requisite number
of red blood corpuscles.
643
00:41:51,720 --> 00:41:54,154
He will be bedridden for seven years,
644
00:41:54,240 --> 00:41:55,958
then he will die.
645
00:41:56,040 --> 00:41:58,838
This happened at Hiroshima.
646
00:41:59,440 --> 00:42:01,556
This girl is pregnant.
647
00:42:01,640 --> 00:42:04,632
Because of her constant exposure
to radiation,
648
00:42:04,720 --> 00:42:09,077
she has no idea whether or not
her baby will be born alive.
649
00:42:19,760 --> 00:42:23,878
The thing that terrifies me most
is the little ones.
650
00:42:25,520 --> 00:42:30,071
If they've suffered badly
from the effects of...
651
00:42:30,160 --> 00:42:35,029
of the sight of this horror
and... destruction...
652
00:42:36,120 --> 00:42:39,635
it is probable that as a consequence
653
00:42:39,720 --> 00:42:46,239
some of them may... suffer...
terrible character disorders.
654
00:42:49,760 --> 00:42:51,876
One just doesn't know.
655
00:42:52,960 --> 00:42:58,159
I saw one of the little boys
in the compound here yesterday.
656
00:42:59,320 --> 00:43:02,153
He was bouncing around,
657
00:43:02,240 --> 00:43:05,152
playing hopscotch I think,
658
00:43:05,240 --> 00:43:07,913
and suddenly he sat down...
659
00:43:08,960 --> 00:43:11,554
as though he were very tired...
660
00:43:13,000 --> 00:43:16,276
and his face went listless...
661
00:43:17,640 --> 00:43:20,518
like that of an old man.
662
00:43:21,880 --> 00:43:25,509
These children
are orphans of the attack.
663
00:43:25,600 --> 00:43:30,116
They were each asked what they
now wanted to grow up to be.
664
00:43:30,200 --> 00:43:32,509
I don't want to be nothing.
665
00:43:32,600 --> 00:43:34,431
Neither do I.
666
00:43:34,520 --> 00:43:36,590
I don't want to be nothing.
667
00:43:36,680 --> 00:43:39,513
Neither do I want to be nothing.
668
00:43:46,800 --> 00:43:51,396
On almost the entire subject
of thermo-nuclear weapons,
669
00:43:51,480 --> 00:43:53,914
on the problems of their possession,
670
00:43:54,000 --> 00:43:56,639
on the effects of their use,
671
00:43:56,720 --> 00:44:01,271
there is now practically
a total silence in the press,
672
00:44:01,360 --> 00:44:03,590
in official publications
673
00:44:03,680 --> 00:44:05,636
and on television.
674
00:44:07,480 --> 00:44:13,032
There is hope in any unresolved
and unpredictable situation.
675
00:44:14,720 --> 00:44:19,714
But is there a real hope
to be found in this silence?
676
00:44:22,120 --> 00:44:25,396
The world's stockpile
of thermo-nuclear weapons
677
00:44:25,480 --> 00:44:29,632
has doubled
within the last five years
678
00:44:29,720 --> 00:44:34,748
and now is the equivalent of almost
20 tons of high explosive
679
00:44:34,840 --> 00:44:39,755
to every man, woman and child
on the planet.
680
00:44:41,680 --> 00:44:47,596
This stockpile
is still steadily growing.
681
00:44:50,040 --> 00:44:54,636
Heilige Nacht/
682
00:44:54,720 --> 00:45:04,152
Gottes Sohn, o wie lacht
683
00:45:04,640 --> 00:45:13,070
Lieb aus deinem göttlichen Mund
684
00:45:14,000 --> 00:45:22,749
Da uns schlägt
die rettende Stund'
685
00:45:22,840 --> 00:45:32,192
Christ in deiner Geburt
686
00:45:32,880 --> 00:45:39,718
Christ in deiner Geburt/
687
00:45:42,640 --> 00:45:47,077
Subtitles by Will Mann,
Intelfax Media Access